| Description | Bifidobacterium hominis is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped anaerobic bacterium predominantly found in the human gut. This microbe plays a crucial role in maintaining gut health through its metabolic capabilities. Notably, it utilises starch, breaking it down into simpler sugars, which are then fermented to produce beneficial metabolites such as acetate and propionate, as well as folate—a vital B vitamin involved in various metabolic processes. As a member of the Bifidobacterium genus, B. hominis thrives in the anaerobic environment of the intestines, where oxygen levels are low. This habitat is conducive to its growth and activity, allowing it to coexist symbiotically with other gut microbiota. The presence of B. hominis is particularly significant during infancy, as it is one of the first bacteria to colonize the gut, influenced by factors such as diet (especially breast milk), mode of childbirth, and antibiotic exposure. B. hominis also contributes to gut health by enhancing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are essential for intestinal homeostasis and exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, its ability to produce folate is particularly beneficial, as it supports overall metabolic health and has been associated with reduced risks of conditions like colorectal cancer. In addition to these roles, B. hominis possesses immunomodulatory properties, which can help regulate the host immune response and foster a balanced gut microbiome. The microbe's resilience and beneficial properties make it a focal point in studies exploring probiotics and their potential to prevent or alleviate gastrointestinal disorders. Its continuous evolution through dietary influences and host interactions underscores its importance in human health and wellness. |
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