| Description | Bartonella henselae is a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that thrives best at temperatures around 37°C, classifying it as a mesophilic heterotroph. This microbe is typically found in the bloodstream of various mammals, including cats and humans, and has a notable presence in the lymphatic system, skin, and tissues. Its unique characteristics make it an intriguing subject of study in microbiology. As a gram-negative organism, Bartonella henselae possesses a thin peptidoglycan layer surrounded by an outer membrane rich in lipopolysaccharides, which can contribute to its virulence and ability to evade the host’s immune response. The rod shape aids in motility and colonization within host tissues and organs. Being mesophilic, it thrives in the human body’s optimal temperature range, which makes it particularly adept at infecting humans. As a heterotroph, Bartonella henselae relies on organic compounds for energy and growth, typically found in the bloodstream of its hosts. This metabolic flexibility allows it to adapt to its environment efficiently. The bacterium is classified as a facultative anaerobe, which enables it to survive in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. This ability is crucial for its survival in various body sites, especially during the immune response when oxygen levels may fluctuate. Bartonella henselae is famously known for causing cat scratch fever, a disease transmitted through scratches or bites from infected cats. This pathogen has garnered attention for its potential role in other diseases, such as endocarditis and neurological disorders. Studies have also suggested that it can be associated with chronic fatigue syndrome and is under investigation for its possible links to other health issues, making it a significant focus in infectious disease research. |
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